Disseminação de conhecimentos sobre a doença falciforme em escola de Ensino Médio baseada em sequência didática

Abstract

The monographic research "Didactic sequence based on educational manual on sickle cell disease" aimed to understand the importance of innovative methodologies in the teaching and learning process for educators and students, considering the educational book as an object for the construction of didactic sequences used in the popularization of knowledge about Sickle Cell Disease in teaching units. In Brazil, it is estimated the presence of one affected per 1,000 live births, but the incidence and prevalence of DF vary significantly among the different regions of the country, with the highest number of cases in Bahia, specifically in the Recôncavo region Baiano. Having schools as an important diffuser of formal knowledge, and the relevance of practices in educational innovation, it is considered important to use Sickle-Cell Disease as a model for teaching, not exclusively, but as an important object that is part of people's lives. Our region, since the prevalence of the disease is the highest in the country. Initially, there was a systematization of the results of academicscientific studies that investigated educational methodologies about Sickle Cell Disease. In order to collect data, this research sought work through the Scielo and Acervus databases on the conception of teachers and students about pathology and different methodologies used to approach the theme. Five scientific productions were found using the descriptions "Sickle Cell Disease, Sickle Cell Anemia, Didactic Sequence and Teaching of Genetics". After the bibliography was collected, an analytical reading of the five academic papers identified was performed, and four categories were considered for analysis of the data, namely: teachers' conceptions about Sickle Cell Disease; How the concept of sickle cell disease is being worked out in textbooks; Playful game related to pathology; A playful proposal for the teaching of genetics in elementary education. From the research carried out, a methodology was proposed using the booklet "Sickle cell disease: the role of the school", elaborated by the group of professionals of the Laboratory of Diagnostic Support in Anemias, composed by professor and students of the Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia - UFRB and Of the Secretariat of Education of the State of Bahia (SEC) - Coordination of Environmental Education and Health. A didactic sequence was elaborated from the booklet with the intention of helping the teachers to insert the theme in their classrooms. At the end of the preparation of the didactic sequence, five specialists in education and / or living with people living with Sickle Cell Disease were selected to carry out the sequence analysis, in which they examined through a thorough reading the verification of teaching effectiveness. The didactic sequence was applied in a 3rd grade class of the Middle School of a State School of the Municipality of Governador Mangabeira-BA. The sequence evaluation was performed from pre-test and post-test. From the comparison between the results of the pre-test and the post-test, the progress of the students in relation to the knowledge of the pathology was verified. The results pointed out the effectiveness and importance of the diversification of resources linked to a sequence of planning.