Crescimento e análise bromatológica de plantas de cunhã cultivadas em diferentes proporções de amônio e nitrato

Abstract

Clitoria ternatea, popularly known as Cunhã, butterfly bean, among other names, is a Fabaceae of Asian origin, but which has adapted very well to the northeastern Brazilian region, due to its rusticity in resisting high temperatures and long periods of drought. It is used by small rural producers as a forage crop, in addition, this species has bioactives and is used in cooking. Knowing the importance of nitrogen for the growth of any vegetable and especially the importance of nitrogen fertilization, the objective of this present work was to evaluate the growth and bromatological data of Cunhã plants subjected to different proportions of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3-) ions. ) in modified nutrient solution. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in the experimental unit of the Center for Agricultural, Environmental and Biological Sciences at the Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia. The design was completely randomized (DIC) with 5 treatments: 100:0; 75:25; 50:50; 25:75 and 0:100 ml/dm3 (NH4+:NO3-) and 5 repetitions. After 8 weeks of cultivation, the variables of plant growth, phytomass, chlorophyll index and nutritional assessment were analyzed, the data were subjected to analysis of variance at 5% significance, using the Tukey test to compare means. There was no significant influence (P>0.05) of the treatments on chlorophyll indices and nutritional diagnosis, but there was a significant response (P<0.05) in the number of leaves and leaf area, in addition to the phytomass variables of all organs. of the plant, with the 50:50 treatment of (NH4+:NO3-) providing the best phytomass production results in Cunhã. The NO3- ion was more sensitive in the production of Cunhã when supplied in isolation, in which it presented the lowest performances in most of the variables analyzed, such as height, number of leaves, leaf area, chlorophylls, phytomass and nutritional quality, revealing a preference by the balance of the type of nitrogen supplied to this species.