Autocuidado para anemia falciforme: concepções de enfermeiras atuantes em unidades de saúde da família do Recôncavo Baiano

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the knowledge of nurses working in the USF of Santo Antônio de Jesus regarding self-care for sickle cell anemia. The research was of a qualitative descriptive nature. The empirical field was the city of Santo Antônio de Jesus and the locus of the research were the Family Health Units. Eight nurses who had been working in the service for more than six months were interviewed. Semi-structured interviews guided by a specific script were used to collect data. The data were organized using the Collective Subject Discourse (CSD) technique, which consists of aggregating similar discursive contents into a single synthesis discourse. The statements were analyzed and equivalent central ideas and respective key expressions were extracted from them to later, with the organization of the statements, construct the Collective Subject Discourses that describe the conceptions about the disease, self-care for sickle cell anemia from the perspective of nurses and nursing actions for self-care in sickle cell anemia. The results show the prevalence of the biomedical model of health care in the discourses. It was also found that, in relation to self-care, most professionals understand the basic principle of the theory, but are unable to implement it effectively in the monitoring of patients living with sickle cell anemia who are treated by them. It also shows that professionals do not recognize the importance of their role in monitoring these individuals. In addition, there is a lack of investment in training for nurses in the area under study.