Cultivo de carpa ornamental (Cyprinus carpio Nishikigoi) complementadas com dietas esferificadas contendo Moringa oleifera

Abstract

The Moringa oleifera has high nutritional value, the leaf is the part of the plant that contains higher concentrations of amino acids, vitamins, minerals and phenolic compounds. The spherification technique is based on the use of alginate which is a hydrocolloid, which consists of submerging the sodium alginate with the leaf extract of M. oleifera to protect the compounds from oxidation and degradation, increasing the life of the spherified product. The objective of this work was to evaluate the inclusion of Moringa Oleífera spheres as a complement to the feeding of ornamental carp (Cyprinus carpio Nishikigoi), aiming to improve animal health, without jeopardizing its zootechnical performance. The experiment was carried out at the Fish Nutrition and Feeding Behavior Laboratory of the Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia. The fish were fed a standard diet during the adaptation period. The experimental period was 60 days, 96 juvenile colored carp were used, with 25.87 (± 4.97) g. The juveniles were distributed in 16 aquariums in recirculation systems, in which six juveniles were stored each. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replications. Treatments: Basal Diet; Basal Diet + spheres with 0.4% Moringa Oleifera extract; Basal Diet + spheres with 0.4% Moringa Oleifera extract; Basal diet + sphere with distilled water. On the last experimental day, the fish were submitted to the challenge of exposure to air. For zootechnical performance parameters such as; total consumption, daily consumption, consumption per tank, final weight and feed efficiency (P> 0.05) there were no statistical differences. For weight gain and specific growth rate, there were statistical differences, that is, the animals submitted to Ration + spheres with M. oleífera obtained the greatest gain and the greatest growth (P <0.05). There were no statistical differences for the biochemical parameters of the animals at rest for glucose, ALT, AST, total protein, albumin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL (P> 0.05). After the challenge of exposure to air, the variables glucose, AST, ALT and total protein did not show statistical differences (P> 0.05). The use of spherification helped to maintain the integrity of compounds that can improve the immunity of aquatic organisms. The use of basal diet + spheres with M. oleífera extract showed better results. In other words, the use of spherification and M. oleífera extract can be an interesting and effective alternative in carp immunity.