Caracterização fenotípica de frutos e seleção de genótipos de fruteira-pão de municípios do Recôncavo Baiano

Abstract

The breadfruit tree is a plant from Polynesia and has a fruit with high nutritional value, containing protein, carbohydrates and minerals. This study aimed the phenotypic characterization and selection of superior genotypes in bread-fruit of the districts of the Recôncavo Baiano (Cruz das Almas, Governador Mangabeira, São Felipe and Sapeaçu). They were identified and georeferenced 32 genotypes of breadfruit tree in relation to physical and physicochemical characterization of the fruits. The descriptive analysis of the data revealed the existence of variability for most traits, it is possible the formation of four genetic diversity of groups, from the multivariate analysis of the characteristics of the fruit. Starch and total sugar were the variables that contributed most to the genetic divergence among genotypes. Non-parametric selection indices (multiplicative, sum of runks and distance genotype-ideotype) were used to assist the selection of superior genotypes based on 17 characteristics. The three applied indexes were efficient to sort the superior genotypes, and provided information with high concordance, and highly significant and positive correlation coefficients.