Clusters intensivos em pesquisa e inovação: a contribuição da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura para o Recôncavo da Bahia

Abstract

Since the latest twentieth century and especially in recent times, the concept of clustering, geographic clustering of interconnected companies specific and/or related segments, has drawn the attention of governments and scholars as a solution to the issues relating to the competitiveness of nations on factors such as the economic generation that has had a strong impact on employment opportunities, particularly in developing countries like Brazil, very competitive due to the success achieved by these local clusters in the global market . Thus we observe that given the limitations to the implementation of industrial and technological policy nationwide, the clusters become important, because they promote investment, economic growth, increased employment, exports and technological development. However, it is noteworthy that the federal government has been conducting effective efforts in education, research and technology transcending the limitations set forth above, and going against the vocation, competitiveness and sustainability of local clusters (clusters) in order to develop specific technologies that meet the particularities of such business clusters. Once a cluster begins to form a self -reinforcing cycle promotes their growth, especially where local institutions and assist the local competition is vigorous. Insofar as it expands its influence with government and public and private institutions also expand. A cluster growth means opportunities because your success story helps attract the best talent. Investors are individuals with knowledge and skills relevant ideas or migrate elsewhere. Specialized suppliers emerge, information accumulates, the strength and visibility of the cluster increases. This research developed an analytical model (Table 3), based on three aspects: size, variable and indicators. The scale innovation process, wider field, we will check if the Embrapa Cassava and innovates or not, if that Embrapa Cassava and produces motivates the emergence of new companies and finally as the articulation of Embrapa Cassava and is made and its innovative production in the region. The choice of variables was taken for each dimension and finally the indicators. This methodology will enable us to evaluate the process of technological innovation, performance capability and external adaptation of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa Cassava and Fruits. The objective of this model is to check if the company is classified as moderately innovative, groundbreaking or innovative little thus enabling an analysis of the indicators to be worked by managers of companies in search of an appropriate level of technological innovation aiming for the same competitive advantages and market leadership , as already discussed in the theoretical framework of this research.