Multiplicação e conservação de Bromeliáceae Ornamentais

Abstract

This study aimed to study the in vitro multiplication and conservation of Aechmea bromeliifolia (Rudge) Baker var. bromeliifolia, Aechmea distichantha Lem. var. distichantha, Aechmea multiflora LBSm and Hohenbergia catingae Ule var. catingae, and germination and seedling vigor in Hohenbergia stellata Schultes f. Neoregelia sanguinea and on different substrates. For the in vitro multiplication of the stem segments were incubated in MS medium supplemented with 30 gL-1 sucrose, 2 gL-1 Phytagel ®, 0.5 mg L-1 NAA and 0.0, 2.0 , 4.0 and 6.0 mg L-1 BAP. The best mean shoots / explant, regardless of species, occurred in the treatment with 2.0 mg.L- 1 BAP and 0.5 mg.L-1 NAA. For the conservation of in vitro plantlets were incubated with approximately in culture medium MS and ½ MS plus 2 g L-1 Phytagel® with sucrose or manithol or a combination of sucrose with manithol, where they remained for 360 days. The best results occurred in ½ MS medium containing 15 gL-1 of manithol, regardless of the species studied, without compromising the recovery phase of the preserved material. For germination and seedling vigor seeds were subjected to five treatments: Role in the dark; paper, sand, vermiculite and Plantmax® in light, and kept in BOD at 30ºC. Assessments of germination were daily. Was considered germinated seed when there was disruption of the tegument and radicle protrusion. The germination started from the 4th day after sowing for Hohenbergia stellata Schultes f. and from day 5 to Neoregelia sanguinea. Germination was characterized as a cryptocotylar epigeal and seedlings for both species. The substrate Vermiculite® stood out for Hohenbergia stellata Schultes f. Neoregelia sanguinea for the substrates used did not differ.