Impactos da atividade do garimpo ilegal no Parque Nacional do Boqueirão da Onça em Sento Sé, Bahia

Abstract

In the north of Bahia in the Serra da Quixaba in Sento Sé, illegal mining of amethyst is taking place, leading to environmental degradation and severe change in landscapes. It is necessary to question about the social, environmental responsibility and the laws, with the authorities about the mining activity, and about the impacts caused with the implantation of this enterprise. Thus, the present work aims to present how the mining is affecting the Conservation Units and the surrounding areas and how their legalization may help to reduce this problem. It is noteworthy that this activity of extraction of amethyst deposits is not yet legalized, a fact expected for October this year. However, it is located, irregularly in the heart of the semiarid, in the protected area called Boqueirão da Onça National Park. This research is based on DNPM Ordinance No. 155, of May 12, 2016, published in DOU; Law No. 7805, of July 18, 1989 - amending the Mining Code, creating the mining permit regime, and extinguishing the registration regime; and by Decree No. 9,406, of June 12, 2018 - which regulates Decree-Law No. 227 of February 28, 1967, Law No. 6,567 of September 24, 1978, Law No. 7,805 of July 18, 1989, and Law No. 13.575 of December 26, 2017. Therefore, it is urgent that conservation measures be developed within a management plan, and that this activity is legalized and oriented through a cooperative, according to the Federal Constitution (Article 174). Therefore, it is necessary for the government to accelerate the appropriate measures to be taken for the recovery of degraded areas, and a PRAD proposed by the Cooperative will be suggested in the best possible way for mining activities to become sustainable, because the region is home to a huge number. geological, paleontological, archaeological, faunistic and floristic heritage of great importance to Brazil.