Doença renal crônica em cães

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease is a disease quite common in small animals, and can evolve into kidney failure. Several electrolyte disturbances, as well as all other abnormalities resulting from kidney disease, causes an animal to produce numerous secondary changes such as anemia, hypertension, secondary hyperparathyroidism, among others. Diagnosis is based on anamnesis, the history of the animal, physical examination, and the results of blood cell counts, serum biochemistry, urinalysis and imaging. Classification into stages facilitates the diagnosis of renal disease, based on the serum creatinine concentration, whereas proteinuria and systolic and diastolic blood pressure are employed for classification substages. Prognosis for dogs with chronic kidney disease is assessed according to the severity of clinical signs, presence or absence of uremic crisis and the rate of progression of renal dysfunction measured by laboratory tests and imaging. Therapeutic interventions used in renal patients seek to correct metabolic imbalances resulting from the disease, as well as all other changes. Hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and renal transplantation are more modern and suitable for animals in more severe measures being used infrequently in veterinary medicine.