O papel da(o) enfermeira(o) no processo saúde-doença, diante da situação do câncer de colo do útero no Brasil

Abstract

This work has the objective to present the role of (the) nurse (o) in the health-disease process, given the situation of cervical cancer in Brazil. The specific objectives are: conceptualizing cancer, cancer of the cervix and the factors involved in their development; demonstrate the importance of preventive measures in controlling cervical cancer in Brazil; discuss public policies adopted by Brazil in recent years with the aim of reducing the incidence of cervical cancer; submit assignments (the) nurse (a) involved in the process of illness of women with cervical cancer, the three levels of health care. The methodology used was based on an observational analytic descriptive ecological study, developed from November 2013 to October 2014, with the main object of study in health indicators in relation to cervical cancer in Brazil, using a quantitative approach. The methodology is divided into two stages: the first refers to the literature review, where 74 references obtained from electronic databases were selected: LILACS, SciELO and BIREME and books relevant to the topic. Inclusion criteria were: articles that addressed by the proposed research, published in English from 2002 to 2014. The second stage of the methodology refers to data collection issue, which contains statistical information on cancer of the cervix in Brazil, covering the period 2007 to 2012. the acquired data were collected from the database of the Department of the SUS (DATASUL), the Information System of Cervical Cancer (SISCOLO) and database registry Cancer hospital (RHC). Possession of such information, there was an analysis of the female population who have access to public health services, as well as on the effectiveness of current public policies related to cervical cancer. After this analysis, we have reached some conclusions. The first is that it is necessary to the actual increase of population coverage for screening cases of Cancer of the Cervix. The second is that one needs to ensure the quality of materials in the collection of cervical cancer screening, among others, have been demonstrated in this work. However, it is known that broaden the dissemination of recommendations and guidelines for the control of cancer of the cervix, among other actions, is not easy. In this task, (the) nurse (o) is a professional imperative, because you should not be attributed only activities established by the control programs of cervical cancer, but also a starring role in the development of strategies aimed at ensure the effectiveness of public policies aimed at preventing and combating cervical cancer.