Maturação de frutos e sementes de sucupira Preta (Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth. – Fabaceae – Faboideae)

Abstract

“Sucupira preta” (Bowdichia virgilioides) is a native species from Brasil with the economic and environmental potential in intense timber exploratory process. It is propagate only by seeds, and the studies about it have large importance The maturity is verified when the seeds show the germination/vigor maximum, that can assist in the quality of seedlings production’s for use in environmental programs. The aim was to determine the morphological fruits and seeds changes, and physiological and chemicals changes occurred in seeds of B. vigilioides maturation, in order to determine the time of harvest, support laboratory analysis and storage processes. Were selected and marked 17 plants, in which was harvested fruits with1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 weeks aged after anthesis, making the photographic record, the analysis and description of fruits and seeds, the dimensions measurements, fresh and dry weight and water content, emergency mortality and seedling survival, chemical components (NPK) and biochemical (lipids, protein, carbohydrates, starch and amino acids) contents. It was determined the variation coefficient (VC%) of morphometric and the emergence and seedling performance and simulated the effect of the seeds mix. The seeds from the sixth week became brilliant and green, morphologically ripe with maximum dry weight. The maximum fruits length and weight of the fruits was at 6 weeks, when were observed the major emergences and vigor too. The VC% of variables showed greater performance variation in immature seeds and after the 6th week. Seeds were classified as oilseeds (53% lipid). The morphological and physiological seeds maturity occurred between the 5th and 6th week, when they can be harvested. The seeds harvest with uneven maturation reduces the experimental accuracy.