Seleção de descritores morfoagronômicos em bananeira por meio de procedimentos uni e multivariados

Abstract

The objective of the present work was to quantify the genetic diversity between banana accessions at Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura using a list of morphoagronomic descriptors, as well as to provide a minimal number of descriptors capable of quantifying the diversity between accessions. The phenotypic characterization was carried out for 77 accessions evaluated with 92 descriptors. The selection of the descriptors (quantitative) was carried out by principal components analysis and by entropy (qualitative). The efficiency of elimination was analyzed by a comparative study between the clusters formed taking into consideration all the 92 descriptors and only the selected ones. The selected descriptors were analyzed in combined fashion by the Ward-MLM procedure. The Ward method was used and the combined matrix formed by the Gower algorithm. In regard to the selection carried out for the quantitative and qualitative descriptors it was possible to reduce in the number of descriptors used for characterizing the banana germplasm in 50%. The correlation between the matrices considering the 92 descriptors and the selected ones was 0.82 showing that the reduction in the number of descriptors did not influence the estimation of the genetic variability between the banana accessions. The genetic diversity analysis by the Ward-MLM method demonstrated certain similarity between the accessions within the same group. However, between groups, it is possible to suggest the presence of variability for the minimal descriptors used, indicating that these genotypes can be used as parents in genetic breeding programs.