Conservação e melhoramento genético do pinhão-manso (Jatropha curcas L.)

Abstract

The physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) has been considered a good option of agriculture in areas of poor, rocky and almost no arable soil, being considered an alternative to conservation and breeding of the species, this study aimed to collect, introduce and available physic nut accessions in the germplasm active bank of Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia (UFRB). We have found 128 plants in 23 locations in the State of Bahia, 44 individuals were sampled and another 17 accessions were introduced through trade with the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV). There were also estimated genetic parameters for characters, germination and emergence rate index in the 27 accessions collected. Selection gain estimates were 29.94% and 7.14% for germination and IVE, respectively, with the selection of the 11 best accessions. The values of broad sense heritability were 35% for number of seeds (NS), 50% for number of clusters (NC), 47% for number of fruits (NF) and 66% for plant height (PH), indicating good prospects for selection early. In the estimation of genetic divergence in 20 half sib families the Ward-MLM strategy allowed the formation of clusters more compact and with more heterogeneity between groups allowing a better classification of genotypes.