Marcadores agronômicos e moleculares na caracterização de jenipapeiros do Recôncavo Baiano

Abstract

The objective of the present work was to obtain information regarding the genetic variability of jenipapo fruits using agronomic and molecular markers in native populations of the Reconcave Region of Bahia. One-hundred genotypes distributed in six counties of the Region were used for data collection. The characteristics used for plant evaluation were: plant height (PH); average canopy diameter (ACD) and stem circumference (SC). Ten fruits were collected from each genotype whereas the mass of fruit (MF); longitudinal diameter (LD); transversal diameter (TD); seed mass (SM); number of seeds (NS); pulp yield (PY); pH; total soluble solids (TSS); ascorbic acid content (Vit C); total tritable acidity (TTA); total soluble solids and total tritable acidity ratio (TSS/TTA); reducing glycides (RG); non reducing (NR) and total glycides (TG), were evaluated. For the RAPD analysis, young leaves of each individual were randomly collected for DNA extraction, and amplification was carried out with 17 primers generating a total of 185 amplified bands, whereas 148 were polymorphic. The fruit mass variable presented the greatest relative contribution for the total genetic dissimilarity. The genotypes studied presented enough genetic variability , forming from 12 to 16 distinctive groups in the agronomical evaluation, whereas it is possible to recommend dissimilar and productive clones for use in agroecological conditions of the Reconcave Region of Bahia. The use of the RAPD analysis, demonstrated polymorphism of the material in study, being considered a viable and important tool for the identification of the genetic variability of jenipapo fruits.