Atuação do enfermeiro na profilaxia da trombose venosa profunda e do tromboembolismo pulmonar em unidade de terapia intensiva: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

Integrative review aimed to seek how nurses can act to prevent deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary thromboembolism, gathering and investigating the literature which has produced knowledge on ways to nursing action in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Contributing to the expansion of knowledge on these diseases and be an instrument to make allowances for these professionals understand and act in a qualified way across the prophylaxis and complications of DVT and PE. Data collection was carried out through research bases in BIREME, CAPES / MEC and SciELO. Eighteen articles met the selection criteria, they were categorized and evaluated. One can see the importance of this topic in an intensive care unit or units that need intensive care. It was possible to identify and bring together actions aimed at the prophylaxis of DVT and PE that can be implemented or suggested by nurses in the Intensive Care Unit as: Recognize with in the unit the profile of patients; Conduct staff training to provide adequate and skilled care; Classify patients as the likelihood of developing DVT and PE according to criteria of Wels et al; The nurse must make use of their instruments of work and systematization of nursing care. It is a common disease, but difficult to identify and evidence that prophylaxis reduces the risk, but is still limited the work of nurses at this juncture. Given this, it is suggested that the early research in order to identify the practices, especially in the ICU which has a high prevalence, how these professionals can intervene along with the team in an interdisciplinary way.