Produtividade de mandioca na cultivar brs novo horizonte em função do tipo de adubação verde em um período de dez meses

Abstract

Cassava has socioeconomic importance across the planet and is the main source of carbohydrates for millions of people, especially in developing countries. The culture has a lot of expression on Brazilian tables and is present, mainly, in family agricultural systems. Furthermore, it plays a significant role in creating jobs and generating income, especially in economically disadvantaged areas of the Brazilian Northeast. The State of Bahia currently has a yield of 7,856 Mg ha-1 and the national average is 14.45 Mg ha-1. The relevance of crop rotation and the use of plants for soil cover in cassava production contributes to mitigating the erosive effects of rain, improving natural soil fertility and reducing the incidence of pests and diseases. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of using different types of cover crops/green manure on the productivity of the BRS Novo Horizonte cultivar over a period of ten months. The work was conducted in a soil classified as Cohesive Alic Yellow Oxisol, with a clayey-sandy texture, under Direct Planting System (SPD), using as soil cover plant treatments: 1. Corn (Zea mays) intercropped with Dwarf Guandu forage (Cajanus cajan), 2. Corn (Zea mays) intercropped with Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania, 3. Corn (Zea mays) intercropped with Mucuna preta (Mucuna pruriens) 4. Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) intercropped with Crotalaria juncea (Crotalaria juncea) 5. No treatment – spontaneous plants (control). The parameters evaluated were: weight of the upper third, root diameter, number of roots, root length, root weight and productivity. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance, and the means of the treatments were compared with each other using the Scott-Knoot test at 5% probability. The result obtained showed that there was a significant difference only between the T1 treatment in relation to the other treatments, reaching an overall average of 40.53 Mg ha-1. Demonstrating that the consortium of cover crops/green manure, combined with the Direct Planting System (SPD), is an efficient alternative when compared to state and national productivity.