Indígenas e as florestas: um olhar sobre a importância das terras indígenas para a proteção da Mata Atlântica

Abstract

Indigenous peoples currently occupy 13% of the national territory and play a fundamental role in protecting forests. The use of Geotechnologies has been essential to monitor and manage the use and occupation of indigenous lands. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of Indigenous Lands (TI's) in the protection of the Atlantic Forest Biome in the northeast region of Brazil. To this end, the dynamics of vegetation cover and land use were evaluated in 12 IT's and the municipalities in which they are inserted, between the years 1985 to 2021. In the 36 years of analysis, it was found that 25% of the TI's had a increase in the vegetation class between 2% and 6.88%. Regarding deforestation, it was observed that 75% of the ITs had a loss of vegetation, which varied from 1.89% to 47%. In view of the data obtained, it is necessary to carry out interventional actions so that indigenous peoples can in fact have access to territories for use and the result of their cultural practices through the demarcation of their territories, in addition to being important the continuous inspection of these areas.