Efetividade da resolução conama n° 05/1994 para a avaliação dos estágios de regeneração/conservação de fragmentos florestais na Bahia, Brasil

Abstract

The Atlantic Forest is a phytoecological region with different forest typologies, being considered one of the largest tropical forests in the Americas. For the State of Bahia, the parameters for the classification of successional stages are established by CONAMA Resolution 05/1994. Thus, the present study seeks to understand the efficiency of this resolution and indicate alternatives for the measurement and evaluation of its parameters. Eighteen fragments located in the Pratigi APA were evaluated. Two classification approaches were carried out, the first was based on the classification suggested in the aforementioned resolution, and the second a cluster analysis, carried out through a dissimilarity matrix between the fragments through the Bray-Curtis index. The results indicate the existence of fragility in the parameters established by CONAMA 05/1994. In particular, because it does not present criteria, neither for the inclusion of the smallest individual in the sample, nor for how to effectively measure each parameter. Through cluster analysis, the formation of five groups was observed: 1 - forests in an advanced stage of regeneration; 2, 3 and 4 - mid-stage forests and 5 - early-stage forests. Indicating that a more flexible analysis is better than the dichotomous analysis presented in the resolution. In view of the results presented, it is concluded that this Resolution needs to be revised, since it supports the decision to authorize the suppression of vegetation for the state. Thus, the correct classification in stages of regeneration is essential for the maintenance of forests, avoiding deleterious deletions due to lack of consistency in the legislation.