Parâmetros de controle em termografia embarcada em drone: uma análise da literatura

Abstract

The application of infrared thermography in building inspections is a non-destructive technique that enables the rapid achievement of results and the visualization of the thermal gradient of materials, assisting in the identification of anomalies and failures. As allies, drones have been fundamental in conducting building inspections in places of difficult access, because they allow the boarding of different ensors, including thermal ones. However, when performing non-destructive testing of infrared thermography on drones, some boundary conditions must be considered for data collection, since there are several factors that may interfere with the results of thermograms. The objective of this study is to present the factors that based on the literature influence the reading of thermograms in building inspections and how these can be impacted when drones are used with a transportation device. The method was based on a literature review that sought to understand the physical concepts behind the readings of a thermal camera, how infrared thermography has been used as a non-destructive test in building inspections with and without a drone, as well as what factors can interfere with the test results. For this, a search was conducted in CAPES journals on papers related to the use of infrared thermography and drones in building inspections, both individually and concomitantly, filtering the most relevant for the understanding of the influential factors. It was possible to verify that numerous are the factors already studied that influence the results obtained in a thermal analysis to identify anomalies and failures in buildings. These factors were pointed out in this article. However, it was possible to realize that there are still gaps regarding the interference of obtaining thermograms by images obtained by drones, since these unmanned aerial vehicles also have limitations in their use. We conclude that, to obtain satisfactory results and a correct thermogram reading, when the images are obtained by sensors on drones, it is necessary to consider a number of factors that have been pointed out in the literature. This article can point the way for future research to identify the limitations of using these associated devices, until it is possible to find a standard procedure for performing tests without distortion of results.