Ocorrência da COVID-19 na população de 50 anos ou mais em uma Unidade de Saúde da Família da capital baiana

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic presented itself as an intense health crisis that brought a series of changes to the epidemiological scenario in Brazil and in the world. The main risk factors for this disease were considered: advanced age, male sex, presence of chronic diseases, obesity, racial/ethnic factor, as well as worse socioeconomic conditions. Objective: This dissertation aimed to estimate the occurrence of COVID-19 and investigate associated factors, in the population aged 50 years and over, in a Family Health Unit in the city of Salvador, Bahia, in the period that corresponds to the months of january to july 2021; and to carry out training workshops to improve notifications on the flu syndrome, for professionals from Family Health Units in the municipality. METHOD: The cross-sectional study used data from medical records and compulsory COVID-19 notification forms of users assisted at the Health Unit. The distribution of the disease was investigated for the following variables: age, sex, race/color, symptoms and health conditions. For data analysis, the StataCorp LLC statistical package STATA®, version 14.2, was used. The bivariate analysis, according to the presence of COVID 19, was performed using Pearson's chi-square test or Fisher's exact test for categorical variables with a significance level of 5%. The adopted multiple analysis was the non-conditional logistic regression modeling. For each predictor variable adjusted by the others, the measure of association with COVID-19 was estimated (odds ratio and its respective 95% confidence interval). The workshops consisted of extensionist actions, carried out in person, to improve the notification of flu syndrome cases, suspected of having COVID-19, for professionals working in Primary Health Care in the city of Salvador. RESULTS: The study sample included 239 individuals and 38% had a positive diagnosis for COVID-19. Taste and smell changes were more frequent symptoms among individuals with a positive result for COVID-19, when compared to those without the disease. The logistic regression model, adjusted for presenting symptoms and race/color, showed a statistically significant association between being elderly and having a positive diagnosis for COVID-19 (OR: 2.23; 95%CI: 1.01-4.98), adjusted race/color and taste alterations. The results also showed that holding workshops is an important tool for training professionals. CONCLUSION: In the studied sample, taste alterations and age group were the characteristics associated with COVID-19. The study's findings validated the need to improve the quality of records generated in Primary Health Care, reinforcing the need for spaces with health professionals to develop a health information policy that strengthens the Unified Health System. PRODUCTS RESULTING FROM THE TCM: As technical products, reports on conducting qualification workshops to improve case notification of flu syndrome, suspected of COVID-19, in Family Health Units, in the capital of Bahia, and a book chapter accepted for publication in E-book by the publisher of the Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia.