Fenologia de Jacarandá da Bahia Dalbergia nigra (Vell.) Allemão ex Benth) em quatro populações no Recôncavo da Bahia

Abstract

This work aimed to characterize the vegetative and reproductive phenology of Dalbergia nigra (Vell.) Allemão ex Benth to understand the responses of phenological phenomena based on time, duration and variations in the different isolates. Dalbergia nigra known as jacarandá-da-Bahia is a species of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and its wood is considered of high commercial value. The vegetative (budding and leaf fall) and reproductive (floral bud, flowering and fruiting) phenology was estimated through the frequency and Fournier index during 12 months. Pearson dynamics was tested between phenophases and environmental variables. Circular statistics were made for the time of year of occurrence of the phenophases of each individual. The species showed budding and continuous leaf fall while the flower bud and flowering were seasonal. Immature and mature fruits were found throughout the study period.The flower bud phenophase showed a significant negative influence on the precipitation of the three months prior to the highest intensity (rp=-0.7778; p < 0.05) and mean vector length of 0.9. Flowering occurred in the months of lowest precipitation and highest temperature, showing strongly negative and significant resistance with the precipitation of three months prior to its highest frequency (rp= -0.9125; p < 0.05). Dalbergia nigra (Vell.) Allemão ex Benth showed variation in the intensity andfrequency of its phenophases in the isolates. O study of phenology helps to understand the breeding season and the seed production period for the maintenance and perpetuation of the species in the Recôncavo da Bahia.