O saber popular e o científico sobre as restrições alimentares no consumo de pescado, por pescadores do Município de Maragogipe, Bahia

Abstract

The present work had as objective to make a parallel between the traditional knowledge and the scientific knowledge of fishermen on the food restrictions in the consumption of marine fish in the city of Maragogipe-Bahia. The study was conducted in three communities in the region: Coqueiros, Najé and the neighborhood Commission. The approach was made through the "snowball" method in which one fisherman is interviewed from the indication of another. In total, 22 fishermen were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Data was compiled and analyzed in Excel spreadsheets for analysis and satisfactory results. Most of the interviewees had an age group of 41 to 60 years old, with incomplete elementary schooling (45.4%), with fishing being the only source of income for most of the interviewees (72.7%). In the fishermen's reports, the majority (77.3%) reported that the profession was hereditary and practiced for more than 20 years. Summer is the period most captured (75%) fish. About 86.4% of fishermen sell fish caught to the fishermen. Through the interviews it was possible to perceive that the empirical knowledge is predominant in the region, mainly with respect to the culture of the food restrictions that are related to schism and the taboo. On the existence of food restrictions 18 fishermen of 22 reported that they do not consume pork, ducks, game (armadillo, alligator and paca) and shellfish (chumbinho and sururu). In addition, they reckoned (45.45%) that fish reimoso, can cause inflammation in the body of those who ingested. They considered reimous fish: mullet, rabeta, arraia, cação, manjuba, catfish, sea bass, pufferfish, pitinga, xangó, maçambê, curimã and mirim. Fishermen have stated that menstruating, pregnant women, people with wounds and inflammation, recently operated, children and in a state of stress should not consume reimous fish. In relation to knowing someone who already had some symptom caused by reimoso food, most (73%) said yes. Regarding the treatment of the reactions caused by the reima the fishermen reported that they use natural items such as mastruz, aroeira, penicillin leaf and espinheira-santa. In this study it was possible to see that the fishermen affirm the existence of the reima, however the scientific knowledge requires more studies that prove the existence of reimoso fish and which natural medicines can be used in the treatment.