Estudo genético em populações de Mugil curema (Valenciennes, 1836), em áreas de proteção ambiental utilizando marcadores moleculares ISSR

Abstract

Mugil curema is popularly known as mullet and parati are eurythermal and eurythermal species that occur in coastal and estuarine waters around the world. In northeast Brazil, this issue is one of the most captured by artisanal fishing. Genetic studies are of great importance for a better understanding of the environmental interactions on the ecology of the species, since they enable the management and conservation of the stocks. The present work aimed to characterize a genetic sample of two species of the species. Curative in the RESEX of Canavieiras-BA and in the estuary of Jaguaripe-BA, through molecular marker ISSR. They were sampled over a period of 60 years in Canavieiras and 30 years in Jaguaripe. An aliquot of the caudal fin was submitted to the saline protocol for DNA extraction, after being quantified in agarose gel and submitted to amplification with primers; (GA) 8C; (AG) 8C; (GA) 8T; (AG) 8YC; (GA) 8YT; (GA) 8YG; (GGAT) 4; (AAGC) 4. The results of the band pattern analysis were transformed into binary numerical matrix with band presence / absence. A total of 137 fragments were generated, being 117 polymorphic (85.5%). The mean of the Polymorphic Index (PIC) was 0.86 and proved to be effective in having all primers higher than 0.5. Parameter of genetic order, the percentage of polymorphic bands was 85.40%, the Shannon Index varied between the variables of Canavieiras 0.3506(σ ± 0.2187) and Jaguaripe 0.4898(σ ± 0.2109 ). Among the populations, the number of migrants per generation was equal to 0.7832 and the number of the race family was 0.244, 1.70. The AMOVA provided a variable percentage of the genetic variability is concentrated within the populations (53.14%), with FST index of 0.46857. between populations showing intra-population genetic variability. In order to increase the variation of the capacity to reduce the weight, for a greater development of the fish up to the levels of variability, the temperature and the results are satisfactory.