Variabilidade genética em Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae) utilizando marcador ISSR

Abstract

The great differential of the genetics of plant species is the great value when the genetic improvement is objectified. Physalis angulata L. (Solanaceae) is a native species of Brazil used for in natura, in sweets and also as a medicinal plant. Among its different properties, the following stand out: Malaria, asthma, hepatitis, dermatitis and rheumatism. In addition, you are an incipient producer and producer in Brazil, thus being one of the best alternatives for cultivation, but due to the lack of breeding programs for species, which are not available for the best examples, and which increase the base of 1) The step for the genetic improvement of the species is an analysis of the genetic variability of the species, which makes present the work to evaluate the diversity in 15 genotypes of the English language through 12 molecular markers ISSR with a selection selection for the more divergent fins of artificial crosses. There were 87 ISSR loci coming. Of these, 75.81% were polymorphic for the evaluated genotypes. The primer UBC835 was the one that enabled a greater number of polymorphic loci, total of 10. Already the primers TRITCA 3 RC and TRITCC 3 RC were the ones with the lowest number of polymorphic markers, total of 2 for each primer. The overall mean was 5.4 polymorphic loci per primer. As genetic dissimilarities among genotypes ranged from 0.13 to 1.0, based on no Jaccard coefficient. The dendrogram allowed the formation of 4 groups among the genotypes: Group 1 (M11B8, M7B10, M8B10, M1B2, M9B3, M6B8, M1B8, M5B3, M4B8, M6B3, M7B2); Group 2 (M2B6); Group 3 (M8B4); and Group 4 (M3B5 and M1B4). The results indicate crosses between the M4 B8 and M1 genotypes B4, M1 B4 and M8 B4, and M8 B4 and M3 B5 as the most divergent and promising. Thus, ISSR markers demonstrate efficiency in the detection of molecular polymorphisms in Physalis angulata revealing the genetic genetic variability among the studied genotypes. However, a greater number of genotypes should be evaluated in search of sources of genetic variability to support programs of genetic improvement of the species.