Por trás das grades: situação de vida e saúde de mulheres presidiárias em um conjunto penal da Bahia

Abstract

Historically, the prison system was marked by its inhumane conditions, for its punitive rules in situations of abuse, lack of specific public policies and human rights violations. The female prisoners, fit not only the above mentioned situations, but also the mangling female maternity, docility, associated with the image of transgressive and "criminal". With the increasing number of women in the prison system, it stimulated the discussion and creation of public policies for this specific group, namely, the prison population and also brought up gender discussions this group. So this study aims to describe the living conditions and health offemale prisoners of criminal set in Feira de Santana, as well as describe the sociodemographic and economic profile of female prisoners; describe the gynecological and obstetric profile of these women; describe the life and health habits such as smoking, alcohol, physical activity and use of legal and illegal drugs. The study is epidemiological, descriptive quantitative nature and cross-sectional in which we used a closed questionnaire with multiple choice questions easy to answer, in which the respondent can answer alone or with the presence of the researcher. The chosen field to conduct the study was the Criminal Set in the city of Feira de Santana, State of Bahia - Brazil, and the study population consisted of 102 built. As inclusion criteria adopted: we are women over eighteen (18 years) who accept participate voluntarily in the research and agree to sign the informed consent and the exclusion criteria: being a minor, be the bearer of any psychiatric illness, deafness and / orsilence, not accepting their informed consent, are out of the prison at the time of the study for any reason. Research met in all its performing steps the resolution 466/2012; the data collection was performed only after approval of the CEP / UFRB, and by signing the informed consent by the interviewees. It is understood that this research brings a direct benefit to the participants even if they are deprived of their liberty, as had proposed to analyze the conditions of life and health that they may be subject and discuss it later in the light of human rights and justice. For data analysis we used statistical database, SPSS - Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.0, enabling the analysis of the variables of interest, as well as association study. The study shows that women in prison situation Feira de Santana Criminal Set are mostly young, black, poorly educated, earned up to 01 minimum wages, most housewife. The data showed abuse of legal and illegal drugs, beginning early sexual life, with high abortion rates, pregnancies, children revealing thus sexual vulnerability. Regarding the health history, the survey reveals high prevalence of hypertension, gastritis, overweight, as well as gynecological problems. About health complaints, the study signals demands both physical and psychological, such as sadness, headache, lack of appetite and frequent crying. Finally, the study demonstrates the precarious conditions in which they find themselves. It is understood that this research brings a direct benefit to the participants even if they are deprived of their liberty, as had proposed to analyze the conditions of life and health that may be subject and discuss it later in the of human rights and justice.