Avaliação da infecção por helmintos gastrintestinais e Eimeria Sp. em caprinos da Microrregião de Irecê no Semiárido Baiano

Abstract

One of the main obstacles for the goat culture not to reach its maximum potential are the parasites caused by gastrointestinal nematodes and eimeriosis, which represent the biggest sanitary problem of small ruminants, and may make the breeding economically unfeasible. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine and quantify the occurrence of gastrointestinal helminths and Eimeria sp. in goats raised in the Irecê microregion of Bahia semi-arid region, identify gastrointestinal nematodes at gender level to characterize the population of these parasites and verify the owners' perception of the importance of gastrointestinal parasites in goats and associate parasitic infection with possible risk factors. and management failures. Data were obtained from 12 properties of the municipalities of São Gabriel, Central, Jussara and Irecê. For parasitological analysis, the animals were divided into two categories, smaller and larger than one year. The feces were collected directly from the rectal ampoule, with the animals properly contained and to quantify the estimate of gastrointestinal helminths and Eimeria sp. In the herds, fecal egg count (OPG) and fecal oocyst count (OoPG) techniques were used, respectively. In addition, coprocultures were performed to identify gastrointestinal helminths at gender level and a semi-structured interview was conducted to evaluate the producers' perception of the importance of parasitoses in production. Through OPG and OoPG, it can be observed that in all the studied properties there were parasitized animals, but many of the infections were not at high levels. For helminth genera, coprocultures were performed and the most frequent helminth was Trichostrongylus spp., followed by Haemonchus spp. and finally Oesophagostomum spp. In general, Eimeria sp. Was the most prevalent parasite in the properties. The results found in the analysis of the questionnaires made it possible to realize that the predominant exploration methods were intensive and extensive. From this study, it can be concluded that most producers have little knowledge about gastrointestinal parasites, especially eimeriosis and, therefore, the control forms used for these diseases in the region are not enough. Thus, other forms mainly related to management need to be implemented, given that even with the unfavorable climate for the cycles of these parasites they still perpetuate in the herds.