Exposições a fatores de riscos ocupacionais entre adolescentes

Abstract

Teenagers workers are exposed to various occupational risk factors that can enhance health problems and their psychosocial development. Early and unhealthy work remains a serious social and health problem, which can cause damage difficult to identify and recovery. This study has the objective to describe the exposure to occupational risk factors among adolescents in two public schools in Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia. We conducted a cross-sectional study with a sample of 125 students, aged 14-19 years in elementary school I and II. The data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire. Data analysis was performed on the Social Package statistical program for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows Version 20.0. Regarding gender, most adolescent workers are female (51.5%), 95.6% enrolled in the elementary school II. Regarding self-reported color, most belong to the black population, adding blacks and browns (82.3%). The more that family income was 1 to 2 minimum wages (22.8%). The reason most pointed to the inclusion in the labor market was to help parents (60.3%). Domestic services were the most mentioned working group for adolescents (38.2%). The more that occupational exposure was the powder or dust (60.3%). 68.7% do not use PPE. A significant number of adolescents have suffered some kind of accident at work (42.4%). This study showed that the adolescents interviewed are exposed to different occupational risk factors that can enhance health problems. The results reflect the inadequacy of working conditions, labor immaturity due to early entry into the labor market and the consequences of lack of training.