Dilemas éticos vivenciados pelos enfermeiros na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva

Abstract

This is a study of integrative review aimed to identify the ethical dilemmas experienced by nurses during ICU care and meet specific objective decision making of the nursing team facing these ethical dilemma. Data collection was conducted in the databases: LILACS and SCIELO. Para data collection, the following keywords were used: " Ethics in Nursing " and " Intensive Care Unit " Inclusion criteria were : articles that dealt with the subject studied , available in full text, in Portuguese published between the years 2009 to 2014. After application of these criteria resulted in a sample of five artigos. Os results of this integrative review identified that intensive care nurses experience ethical dilemmas related to: material resources, dialogue with family, blood transfusion in patients with religious restrictions, and related dysthanasia, the latter being more prevalent in the studies. As refere à decision making, in all studies was highlighted importance of joint discussion between professionals about ethical dilemmas in the ICU. It was found that the decision making of nurses is imbued with values and they should participate in the decision-making process because they are professionals who spend more time with the patient and in many situations because they have to meet requirements that do not agree. However the participation of nurses in decision making is shy, short of what is desirable because there are many barriers involved. Therefore, it was concluded that the face of ethical dilemmas that emerge in the intensive environment of nurse participation in decision making is crucial. To do so, these professionals should consider the principles of bioethics to base their actions . It is recommended to conduct further intensification of publications and teaching of bioethics in academia.