Análise de órbitas em torno do planeta anão Haumea

Abstract

Our solar system houses a collection of celestial bodies beyond those we already know. The dwarf planets are a new planetary classification defined in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IUA) for bodies that have the same mass of the order of magnitude of Pluto's mass. Among the dwarf planets is Haumea, which although small, has its system consisting of two natural satellites, the moons Namaka and Hi'iaka. Presently a great discovery identified a ring around the dwarf planet, similar to that of the giant Saturn. In this work, a study of the dynamics of a space vehicle is presented around the planet Haumea through formulations of mathematical models and the elaboration of computational programs for the realization of numerical simulations of a system of non-linear differential equations developed in the Maple software. A search is made for stable orbits of an artificial satellite around the dwarf planet Haumea, taking into account the influences of the perturbations of its non-sphericity J2, J4, C22 and the gravitational attraction of the third body (R2), which in this study is considered the moon Namaka in low-altitude and high-altitude orbits. Several numerical simulations were performed using values of eccentricity for variations of the semi-major axis. In the results found some orbits are of collision others are stable. Emphasis is given to stable orbits. With the physical and orbital data of Haumea is calculated, through the radius of Hill, The maximum distance that Namaka can orbit around Haumea without being attracted to the sun's orbit. The values of the spherical harmonics are calculated using the new physical data (Ortiz et al., 2017) of the dimensions of the planet Haumea. In the continuation of this research it is intended to analyze the dynamics of the debris (planetary rings) in orbit around the dwarf planet Haumea based on Ribeiro (2018) and Carvalho (2017).