Caracterização e composição de frutos da pitangueira em municípios baianos

Abstract

The Surinam cherry is a fruit native to South and Southeast regions of Brazil and is spread virtually throughout the national territory. Its fruit can be eaten fresh or used in preparation of juice. The work aimed at the characterization and composition of Surinam cherry fruit in five municipalities of Bahia, through morphological characteristics of fruits, identifying promising genotypes for immediate use and for future breeding. In the first experiment, 50 genotypes of Surinam cherry (Eugenia uniflora L.) from the towns of Cruz das Almas, Conceição do Almeida, Muritiba, Inhambupe and Alagoinhas. The genotypes were identified, demarcated and evaluated for plant characteristics (height, longitudinal and transverse diameter of the crown and stem circumference), fruits (weight, length, diameter, pulp mass, seed mass, percentage of pulp and seed) and pulp (pH, acidity (TA), soluble solids (SS) and SS/TA). In the second experiment, we used 200g of fruits of 50 genotypes Surinam cherry, totaling 10 kg of fruit pulp was extracted for analysis (moisture, protein, lipid, ash, crude fiber, pH, acidity, sugars (total, reducing and non reducing), soluble solids, ratio, ascorbic acid, technology index, pulp and minerals. Genotypes IN9, CZ9, AL3, CA8, CZ5, CA1, AL8, IN1, AL4 and CA2 were selected as the most suitable for industrial processing for presenting the best agronomic characteristics of Surinam cherry fruits showed pulp yield (79.46%) technology index (8.26), total sugars (8.41 mg/100g), acidity (1.86%), soluble solids (10.4 Brix), protein (0.49%), ascorbic acid (18.6 mg/100 g) and minerals with high values of zinc (3.64 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.46 mg/100 g).