A Importância da utilização de práticas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem de ciências naturais com ênfase na morfologia vegetal

Abstract

From the beginning man has direct and indirect relations with the vegetable kingdom, whether in food, in the making of utensils or even in the manufacture of drugs. Thus, Botany could be considered the most understood and accepted science in the school environment. However, it is considered one of the most difficult areas of assimilation of contents. Of particular note is its lack of interest in the subject, lack of practical classes and didactic materials. In this context, the main objective of this research was toevaluate the effectiveness of the use of practices in the teaching-learning process of Natural Sciences with emphasis on plant morphology, through the conceptions of elementary school students of a public school located in the municipality of Cruz das Souls. The study was elaborated from teaching through experimentation and contextualization through a qualitative-quantitative research. The data collection was done through semi-structured questionnaires, applied to the students of the 7th year "A" of the elementary school of the Centro Educacional Cruzalmense-CEC. This research showed that the majority of the students present a certain empathy for the botanical contents, however some students did not show interest in learning or they had difficulty understanding some basic concepts. Such difficulties may be a reflection of a teaching process that emphasizes the simple memorization of names and concepts and does not consider the reality experienced by the students, nor their prior knowledge. It was possible to observe that the present work had an expressive effect, after the use of the practices, it was verified a greater intellectual development of these students, making evident that these activities contributed significantly in the transformation of the students' conception, who became intensively interested in the subject, demonstrating knowledge that they previously did not know. In view of the above, it is recommended that theoretical classes related to the content of plant morphology be taught, whenever possible, using practical, experimental and contextualized activities related to the student's daily life, stimulating interest and learning. In order to promote greater interest and affinity about the subject and consequently to provide a more meaningful learning of this content.