Técnicas de cultivo do polvo comum (Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797), e do polvo “mexicano” (Octopus maya Voss & Solis, 1966)

Abstract

Large portion of humanity interacts with a situation of hunger or deprivation of food and nutrients, including proteins of animal origin. From this disturbing reality, optimization and sources of marine resources taken so far as minor signals for aquaculture 'exotic' as an alternative potentially mitigating this scenario, considering the current context of widespread depletion inventory of species traditionally captured. Thus, marine aquaculture is already in the world of livestock holdings developed by man, one that today most consistently growing worldwide. From this perspective, the cultivation of octopus, Octopus vulgaris notably common and "Mexican" Octopus maya, is an alternative mariculture of proven qualities for the production of animal protein recognized food and economic value. These cephalopods, have characteristics considered ideal for breeding in captivity, among them the rapid growth weight, high fertility and sexual precocity, low conversion rates and high feed efficiency, easy adaptation to captivity; simplified management with acceptance of human presence; hardiness and low vulnerability to diseases, high meat yield, in addition to its growing commercial value which is consumed as a culinary delicacy. Given this economic potential and the existence of protocols creating previously validated in some regions of the world where it is grown successfully in pulpocultura configured as activity and promising investment option under mariculture. Thus, the aim of this study was to review the literature on these animals and fattening techniques most common involving the cultivation of common octopus and "Mexican" from its earliest stages of life, assessing relevant aspects of its fattening confined.