Composição e estrutura acústica da avifauna de um fragmento de Mata Atlântica em Cruz das Almas, Bahia

Abstract

The Brazil is a country rich in biodiversity, but this richness has been threatened by human actions. The Atlantic Forest is one of the most representative biomes in numbers of species and suffers with a fragmentation of the habitats. The Cruz das Almas municiplite presents 3% of the original vegetation of the biome disposed in small fragments, however, few studies are done to know a local bird fauna. Birds are aften used, as bioindicators, because of their high sensitivity to environmental and anthropic changes. It is characteristics as a platform, they can be obtained through species surveys and bioacoustics. This tool assists in the identification, description of behavior and physiology of birds. The first hours of the day are successive for a work of birds, as it is observed a greater activity of foraging, reproduction and vocalization in these periods. The greater vocal activity in the morning is called the morning choir and is a behavior still little understood. Thus, the present study had as objective to analyze a structure of the avifauna community of a fragment of Atlantic Forest in Cruz das Almas of Bahia, classifying them as open sensitivity antropic and as to the trophic group. And describe the pattern of morning chorus observed in the region. Seventy species of birds were identified, consisting mainly of insectivorous and omnivorous species. Most of them presented low sensitivity to anthropogenic zoogle. In addition to less demanding items and fewer experts on their trophic resource which makes them more incapable of contributing ecosystem services that promote a recovery of the area. The morning chorus presented 46 varied and varied things, did not present significant variation of species in relation to the temporal increase. Similar to the morning chorus described for the Cerrado regions, this pattern can be attributed to the increase in luminosity caused by the anthropization of the area.