Sistemas de produção em bananeiras tipo prata e maça

Abstract

The demand for differentiated vegetables products has been intensifying the use of the organic cultivation. The objectives of this work went to evaluate the performance of three cultivars of banana type Pomme (BRS Platina and Prata Anã) and type Silk (BRS Princesa), in the first production cycle, in the organic and conventional system of cultivation; to quantify the phytomass and the absorbed nutrients, exported and returned for promising cultivars of banana trees in the organic and conventional system. The used experimental design was it entirely randomized in factorial scheme 3 (cultivar) x 2 (cultivation systems), with four repetitions for cultivar, totaling 24 experimental plots. The banana trees in the conventional and organic system were planting in the spacing 4,0 m x 2,0 m x 2,0 m (1.666 plants have-1). Fourteen agronomic characteristics were measured and for the knowledge of the amounts of nutrients accumulated in the banana trees evaluations were carried out in the several organs of the plant: rhizome, pseudostem (central cylinder and sheath), leaves (blade, petiole + central rib), rachis, heart and fruits (peel + pulp). The results were submitted to the variance analysis (Test F) and the averages of the cultivar compared by the test of Tukey and the systems by the test F, both to 5% of significance. The results obtained in the amounts of nutrients were submitted to the variance analysis and test F considering the design randomizad in factorial scheme 3 x 2 x 9, three cultivar, two cultivation systems and nine organs of the plant. The averages of the cultivars were compared by the test of Tukey, the averages of the cultivar systems for the test F and the averages of the organs were compared by the test of Scott-Knott, all to 5% of significance. The obtained results allow to conclude that the system of cultivation, organic or conventional, doesn't affect the development of the banana tree. The cultivars BRS Platina and BRS Princesa present good agronomic performance, in the conditions of the Recôncavo da Bahia. There is difference among cultivar and production systems in the phytomass stock and nutritious. The 'BRS Princesa' is the cultivar that presents larger phytomass stock dries. The conventional system provides larger stock and larger export of dry phytomass in comparison with the organic system.