Pré-melhoramento e avaliação de híbridos de abacaxi e banana para fins ornamentais

Abstract

Ornamental fruit crops are an interesting alternative for floriculture. They present high use plasticity and can be appreciated as landscape plants, foliage, potted plants, and ornamental minifruits. Embrapa Cassava and Tropical Fruits detains many fruit crop genebanks that have not been explored for ornamental purposes. The pineapple and banana banks with 628 and 273 accessions, respectively, are among these banks. The variability in these collections goes from colours and shapes to architectures which can be explored for ornamental purposes. However, this variability can be explored more efficiently in order to create new varieties through controlled crosses. The main objective of this work was to characterise the pineapple and banana gerrmplasms in order to select potential progenitors to be used in ornamental breeding programs. The evaluation of progenies from different crosses and the indication for different ornamental uses were also carried out. Several accessions from both collections were selected as potential progenitors for generating new ornamental hybrids. In regard to the pineapple hybrids that were evaluated, different genotypes for landscape, cut flower, potted plants, minifruits and hedge, were selected from six crosses. Four genotypes for landscape, cut flower and minifruits were selected from banana hybrids originated from one cross. Phytossanitary assays were carried out regarding resistance to most important diseases in pineapples and bananas and selected resistant genotypes.