Biologia de nidificação e dieta das larvas dos polinizadores efetivos de Malpighia emarginata D.C. em uma área restrita do Recôncavo da Bahia

Abstract

This work has as general focus on the effective pollinators (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Centridini) in the acerola in a restricted area Recôncavo region, Bahia, Brazil in order to confirm the species flower visitors in the region, studying the record rate in artificial nests, characterizing the population of the species more capable of handling with artificial nests, identification of floral resources in the diet of the species that nest in these nests and the influence of insect pollination on fruit quality of acerola. The research was conducted from 2008 to 2010 in orchard of Cruz das Almas, Bahia, Brazil. We identified 13 bee species visiting flowers and Centris aenea most frequent. A total of 203 nests was recorded by 17 species of bees distributed among the families Megachilidae (64.71 %) and Apidae (33.29 %), Centris tarsata and Tetrapedia diversipes and the most frequent species. A total of 75 artificial nests Centridini was recorded. We determined 80 pollen types distributed among 29 families. A total of 27 pollen types were classified as dominant and/or accessories, among and the types Mimosa pudica and Malpighia emarginata showed the highest rate overall. The parameters evaluated in treatments (free plants and individual plants) were statistically different in weight, total acidity and ascorbic acid a period 1, while in period 2 were in transverse diameter and weight. And fruit resulting from individual plants were larger and heavier than the plants free. The genotypes were significant differences (p> 0.05) for some physical and physico-chemical. The main species of Centridini with potential pollinators in acerola in the Recôncavo region Bahia, Brazil were Centris aenea, Centris tarsata and Centris analis.