Prevalência e fatores associados ao tabagismo durante o período gestacional

Abstract

Smoking is considered a serious public health problem, of magnitude wide range that makes women as or more susceptible than men to the harm of smoking, both in terms of general health and the peculiarities of sex. In pregnancy, smoking is the main preventable cause of illness and death among pregnant women and children, this being the period in which human beings are most vulnerable to the action of toxic substances. To understand the maternal profile of women who smoke, through socioeconomic, demographic and obstetric characteristics, is relevant for contributing for a comprehensive approach to prenatal consultations. Therefore, this study aimed to objective to identify the prevalence and associated factors of smoking in the period gestational. It has a cross-sectional design, a sample with 359 pregnant women attended at the prenatal service in Family Health Units, in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Jesus, Bahia. For data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire was used specific data containing population profile data. Smokers were considered to be those who reported smoking regardless of the number of cigarettes smoked per day, frequency, duration of smoking at any gestational age. The prevalence of smoking during pregnancy was 8.8%, and the main associated factors were low education (20.78%), single mothers (14.08%), family income ≤ 1 MW (13.25%); with one or more children (12.90%) and who used alcohol concomitantly (13.14%). Based on the present findings, there is a need for greater investments in the development and implementation of public policies to reduce prevalence and morbidity of smoking, with a commitment to control and cessation of smoke mainly in the population groups that suffer most from the events arising from this habit. It is suggested that the nurse takes responsibility for himself to adopt as a daily practice in their women's health care consultations, investigation into the use of tobacco once we are aware of the harm and main factors associated with smoking in this group; not limited to fate pre-established itineraries nor temporary action campaigns.