Uso e ocupação do solo de Municípios do Recôncavo da Bahia

Abstract

Located around the Baía de todos os santos, the Reconcavo of Bahia is recognized as Brazilian agricultural, with origin in Atlantic Forest and Caatinga. There is already a significant base of pasture domains, with a predominance of the Brachiaria genus. The objective of this work was to identify the soil classes of municipalities in the Reconcavo and to quantify the use and occupation. Images from the Landsat 8 satellite of 2017 were obtained through the image catalog of the National Institute of Space Research (INPE) and processed in the ArcGis 10.2® computer program to obtain the land use classes. For the preparation of the land class maps were used shapfile format files made available by IBGE. Information on planted or harvested area and area of agricultural establishments were obtained from the SIDRA automatic recovery system. The results showed that the study area is represented by the Latossolo Amarelo Distrocoeso (Densic Ferralsol; Oxisol), Argissolo Amarelo Distrocoeso (Densic Acrisol; Ultisol), Chernossolo Argilúvico Órtico (Chernozem; Molisol), Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo Distrófico (Acrisol; Ultisol), Vertissolo Háplico Carbonático (Vertisol; Vertisol), Luvissolo Crômico Órtico (Luvisol; Alfisol), Neossolo Quartzarênico Órtico (Arenosol; Quartzpsamment), Gleissolo Tiomórfico Órtico (Gleysol; Entisol), Espodossolo Ferrihumilúvico Hidromórfico (Podzol; Spodosol) e Planossolo Háplico Eutrófico (Planosol; Alfisol). In terms of use and occupation, we have 4% of the territory composed of water, 1% classified as mangrove, 7% forest remnants at high regeneration stage, 19% forest remnants at an early stage of regeneration, 63% and 6% of areas without vegetation. The study concluded that most of the territory is represented by Yellow Latosol Distrocoeso and that its greater use and occupation that originally were represented by the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga biomes, in the year 2017 is being occupied mostly with more agricultural systems areas.