Avaliação radiométrica da cultura do milho (Zea mays) por meio de correlação in situ e com a utilização de vant

Abstract

The present study evaluated the use of multispectral indices in corn cultivation under different physiological and health conditions, using spectroradiometry and multispectral imaging. The research was conducted at the experimental farm of the Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, with field data collected and processed in a GIS environment. Vegetation indices NDVI and GNDVI were analyzed to assess health and establish reference values for the crop. The correlation between multispectral indices and crop conditions allowed the identification of areas with varying levels of nitrogen deficiency and rust disease. Reference values obtained for nitrogen deficiency classification were: No deficiency: 0.8754; Low deficiency: 0.7739; and High deficiency: 0.5754. Additionally, reference values for rust severity were obtained as follows: No rust: 0.6839; Moderate severity: 0.4763; and High severity: 0.3996. The results revealed that the majority of the studied area exhibited healthy vegetation, without nitrogen deficiency or rust severity, representing 50.17% of the total area. There was also a high correlation between low nitrogen deficiency and high rust severity, as well as the absence of nitrogen deficiency and high rust severity, accounting for small proportions of 0.2092% and 0.0064%, respectively. Furthermore, the study identified that good nutrition and adequate levels of nitrogen in the plant contribute to its defense against infections, emphasizing the importance of nitrogen fertilization in corn cultivation. In summary, this study demonstrated the effectiveness of the monitoring techniques employed, providing valuable information for the management of corn cultivation under different conditions. The correlation between multispectral indices and crop conditions enabled the precise identification of areas requiring intervention, contributing to productive efficiency and loss reduction. The obtained results hold significant relevance for agriculture, highlighting the importance of monitoring and proper fertilization in corn cultivation.