Composição florística das formações florestais da Serra do Aporá, zona rural do Município de Cabaceiras do Paraguaçu, BA

Abstract

The caatinga vegetation can be characterized as tree or shrub forests, mainly including medium and small trees and shrubs, many of which have thorns, microfilia and some xerophytic characteristics. The seasonal forests, in turn, are characterized in phytogeographic terms, as a transition vegetation between the Atlantic Forest and the Caatingas, and occupy a narrow range between these two vegetation domains. Both are represented in the Recôncavo da Bahia and their transition can be seen from the east-west detachment by the municipalities of Cruz das Almas and Cabaceiras do Paraguaçu. The present study aimed to investigate the floristic composition of the forest formations of Serra do Aporá, Cabaceiras do Paraguaçu, BA, raising data that may reflect their similarity with the Caatinga, Floresta Estacional and Ombrófila biomes. For this purpose, a floristic survey of the forest formations of Serra do Aporá was carried out, about 120 km from Salvador (capital of the state). Based on the collections, 152 species were registered, being 148 Angiosperms and 4 Ferns. These are distributed in 46 families and 117 genders. The richest family was Euphorbiaceae with 17 species, followed by Fabaceae (16), Rubiaceae (8), Boraginaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Sapindaceae (7), Apocynaceae, Celastraceae, Malvaceae, Orchidaceae (5), Araceae, Cactaceae, Convolvulaceae, Passifloraceae, Passifloraceae (4), Bignoniaceae, Myrtaceae, Oxalidaceae, Polypodiaceae and Verbenaceae (3). The genera that showed the greatest wealth were Croton L. with five individuals, Bernardia Houst. ex, Passiflora L., and Maytenus Molina, both with four species, Cordia L., Microgramma C. Prels, Oxalis L. and all with three species. None of the species already identified is endemic to Bahia or is included in lists of endangered species. From the floristic similarity data, it can be seen that the composition of the Serra do Aporá floret differs from the fragments evaluated, with a similarity of around 5%. This result may indicate the uniqueness in the floristic composition that is not clearly related to Caatinga, or Seasonal or Ombrophilous environments. However, these results may be influenced by the low number of species identified at the species level, compared to the total number of species collected, and the progress in this identification may make the results more robust.