Níveis de inclusão de Morinda citrifolia na alimentação de carpa ornamental (Cyprinus carpio) para avaliar saúde e bem estar animal

Abstract

Morinda citrifolia is a medicinal plant widely consumed by the population of Southeast Asia and has several studies that confirm its health benefits along with phytotherapic functions. Its use has been gaining space in fish farming, and its main objective is to increase the resistance of fish due to the daily management of production. The aim of the present study was to evaluate different levels of inclusion of Morinda citrifolia as a supplement to the feeding of ornamental carp (Cyprinus carpio), without impairing growth and improving animal health. The experiment was carried out at the Fish Nutrition and Feeding Behavior Laboratory of the Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia. The experimental period was 60 days and 80 juvenile carp were used. The animals were distributed in two water recirculation systems containing 16 aquariums of 60 liters each, at a density of five animals per aquarium. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replications. The treatments were composed by; 0% inclusion of Noni (Morinda citrifolia); 4.0% inclusion of Noni (Morinda citrifolia); 6.0% inclusion of Noni (Morinda citrifolia); and 10.0% inclusion of Noni (Morinda citrifolia) using the fruit juice. The diets were formulated according to the nutritional requirements of the species, isoproteic, isoenergetic and purified, offered twice a day at a rate of 2% of the biomass. After 1 hour of feeding, the aquariums were siphoned to remove excess feed and excreta. At the beginning and end of the experiment, after fasting for 24 hours, the weight and length of all fish were measured. At the beginning and end of the experiment, after fasting for 24 hours, the weight and length of all fish were measured. At the end of the 60 experimental days, 40 fish were subjected to the challenge of exposure to air, to assess oxidative stress and collect blood for analysis. For zootechnical performance variables; initial weight (g), initial total length (cm), initial standard length (cm), final weight (g), final standard length (cm), final total length (cm), weight gain (g), length gain total (cm), standard length gain (cm), daily weight gain (g), feed efficiency, consumption per tank (g), specific growth rate, total consumption, daily consumption (g) and survival (%) no there were statistical differences (P> 0.05). For organosomatic indices such as viscerosomatic index (IVS), hepatosomatic index (IHS), gonadosomatic index (IGS) and visceral fat index (IGV), there were no statistical differences (P> 0.05). There were no statistical differences for glucose, hematocrit and total protein (P> 0.05) before and after the challenge. This study showed that the use of up to 10% inclusion of M. citrifolia for juveniles of colored carp did not impair zootechnical performance.