Avaliação e caracterização de áreas de preservação permanente dentro do campus da UFRB, Cruz das Almas, Bahia

Abstract

Brazil has one of the richest floras in the world, where local inventories reveal that the Atlantic gets high levels of diversity. This biome is one of 34 global hotspots, probably the most devastated ecosystem and most seriously threatened the planet. The occupation of Brazilian territory is characterized by a lack of planning, exploitation and destruction of natural resources. The Forest Code defines Legal Reserve as a protected area within the mandatory rural property whose percentage varies depending on the biome where it operates. The Permanent Preservation Areas include all forms of native vegetation on the banks of water bodies located on hill tops and steep slopes with slopes greater than 45 o. The study aimed at the characterization and evaluation of APPs and indicates areas that require restoration and environmental protection on the campus of UFRB, Cruz das Almas, Bahia. For analysis of vegetation were used Resolution No. 05/1994 and 10/1993 and 303/2002 of CONAMA to identify and delineate the APPs based on current Forest Code. The 43 sources were classified as point and nonpoint, and according to their conservation status in preserved, disturbed and degraded. Evaluated in the study of the springs 27 and 16 are diffuse off of these, only 2 were found preserved, 7 and 34 are disturbed are degraded. Among the major disorders are the presence of invasive plants, followed by the presence of domestic animals and garbage. Most APPs (33) does not fit the definitions of existing legislation and existing small fragments are isolated, which indicates the neglect and reveals the need for a plan of restoration and management of these areas.