Avaliação soro-epidemiológica da leptospirose canina de amostras coletadas em bairros residenciais de Cruz das Almas-Ba, Brasil

Abstract

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease, cosmopolitan, caused by spirochete antigenically distinct from the Leptospira interrogans bacterium. Rodents, small carnivores and domestic animals are known reservoirs of the disease. Dogs are an important bond in the leptospirosis transmission, as apparently healthy, may housing leptospires and eliminating them in the environment, providing the spread to others species, including humans. With aim of knowing the serologic anti-leptospira prevalence in Cruz das Almas (BA) ́ dogs and risk factors for this zoonosis, blood samples were collected from 200 dogs. The diagnostic test used was Microscopic agglutination test (MAT), by testing 19 serovars, considering reagent as from the titration superior or equal than 100. From the 200 samples tested, 60 (30%) were positive, and the javanica serovar (6/60) the most prevalent. Others sovares found were: castellonis, hardjo, sejroe, tarassovi (3/60); icterohaemorrhagiae, canicola, grippotyphosa, cynopteri, panama, pyrogenes, patoc, hebdomadis (2/60) and copenhageni, pomona, bataviae, autumnalis, wolffi (1/60). About the analysis of the epidemiological questionnaire, only the age (OR= 2,5; p= 0,022) variable was significantly associated with the presence of Leptospira antibodies. By incorporating each of the study variables with age, there was statistical significance for rodents presence (OR = 2.19; p = 0.020), street access (OR = 1.88; p = 0.029) and not rodenticide using (OR = 1.63, p = 0.044). The results shows that the seroreactivity by the dogs representes leptospirosis dissemination risk for other animals and humans.