Black ladies nurses?! Sim: enfermeiras negras e a construção da identidade da enfermagem no Brasil

Abstract

Professional identity is a type of collective identity. It is characterized by the sharing of characteristics that define the individuals of a group. The denial of historical facts and invisibility of historical subjects aims to forge an identity. It is in this context that the invisibility of the black woman is located in the care and professionalization of nursing throughout history. The understanding of this context of giving by the analysis of gender relations and racism, and its intersectionality. Thus, I consider it important to break with the traditional historiography and give visibility to the black nurses of Brazil. To this goal, the objective is to appoint black nurses who carried out socio-historical facts that contributed to the construction of the Nursing identity in Brazil. The present study is qualitative, descriptive of narrative essence that uses the historical research method from documental analysis with the purpose of retrieving memories in a thematic clipping. The research located the following black nurses: Maria Jose Barroso, the Maria Soldado black woman who served as Nurse member of the Black Legion in the civil war of the Constitutionalist Revolution of 1992. Rosalda Cruz Nogueira Paim, a black nurse who created the Systemic Ecological Cybernetics Theory of Nursing and was the first black and parliamentary nurse. Izabel dos Santos, a black nurse and sanitarist who created education programs for health professionals, reconfiguring the principles of human resources in the SUS, was the principal achievement of PROFAE in 1999. Mãe Stella de Oxóssi, a black nurse, worked for more than 30 years as sanitarist, Iyalorixá, militant of the black people and people of santo, writer and immortal of the Academy of Letters of Bahia. Therefore, I believe that this work will contribute to the academic literature because it constitutes a historical research that aimed to contribute to the understanding of the nursing identity from the distance of the ideological structures, gender relations and racism that try to forge it.