Levantamento etnobotânico e caracterização morfoagronômica de acessos de inhame do Recôncavo Baiano

Abstract

Yam is native to regions of the hemispheres under the tropical climate. It is popular in West Africa and parts of Asia, South and Central America. The genus Dioscorea spp is included in northeastern cuisine, having great socioeconomic importance, generating employment and income, but with all the few varieties of yam being sold in markets and open markets, thus endangering the biodiversity of the crop. The present work aimed to carry out an ethnobotanical survey on yam (Dioscorea spp.) In the main producing municipalities of Recôncavo da Bahia, as well as to perform the morphoagronomic characterization and physicochemical analysis of different yam species. Visits were made to farmers from four municipalities of Recôncavo da Bahia, during the interview the semi-structured interview model was used. Yam tubers were collected and planted in the experimental area of the Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, where the morphoagronomic characterization was performed using leaf, stem and tuba descriptors. In the physicochemical analysis were evaluated the contents of lipids, moisture, ashes, proteins, starch reducing sugars and total sugars. Most of the interviewees were men (92.5%), married (73.75%), resident in the place for more than ten years (75%), mostly producing only two varieties of yam (63.75%). The use of morphoagronomic descriptors showed the existence of genetic variability among yam (Dioscorea spp) accessions. The species D. rotundata stood out for its higher ash (1.40), starch (85.20), lipid (1.23) and protein (2.14) contents. The results of this study show that research on ethnobotany With yam farmers will help encourage farmers in the region to plant other yam species, there have been variations between species (inter-species) and between cultivars (intra-species) in the chemical composition of the yam germplasm.