Isolamento de Escherichia coli em amostras de fígado, pulmão e intestino de frangos condenados com septicemia, em um matadouro frigorífico sob regime de inspeção estadual

Abstract

Continuous production intensification in the poultry industry provides favorable conditions for the occurrence and spread of some pathogens, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli), responsible for the avian colibacillosis. This disease can lead to septicemia, cellulitis, chronic respiratory disease, among others, resulting in severe economic losses because mortality, morbidity and its consequences on the production chain. This study aimed to isolate E. coli of liver, lungs and intestines from chickens sentenced for septicemia in a slaughterhouse poultry under state inspection regime in Bahia, and to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile of E. coli isolated strains. In 09 days, 243,000 poultry have been slaughtered; of these, 52 were condemned for septicemia, whose livers, lungs and intestines were collected and sent for analysis, totaling 156 samples. Was used by direct culture of the samples in selective media and biochemical tests for identification. Bacterial growth was observed in all the analyzed samples of viscera, being E. coli isolated in 86.5% of carcasses (45/52). Of the total of 156 samples analyzed, 58.3% were positive for E. coli, the microorganism being found in 57.7%, 55.8% and 61.5% of the liver, lung and intestine samples, respectively. Were isolated 09 strains of E. coli which have been subjected to the susceptibility test for 06 antibiotics used in veterinary practice. None of the strains were sensitive to all antibiotics tested, but it was found a large number of multidrug-resistant samples. The antibiotic erythromycin was presented the highest bacterial resistance (77.8%), followed by sulfonamide and tetracycline (55.6%). The other antimicrobials (ampicillin, cephalexin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim) had moderate antibacterial activity (44.4%).The high rates of resistance and multidrug resistance of E. coli, to antibiotics tested in this study, highlight the need for the correct use of these drugs in creations of commercial poultry in order to avoid further trouble in the control and treatment of colibacillosis and other diseases caused by bacteria.