Caracterização agronômica de novas linhagens e híbridos de mamoeiro (Carioca papaya L.)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic potential of papaya lines and hybrids synthesized by Embrapa Cassava & Fruits, aiming to identify and select genotypes with good agronomic characteristics, exploitable in breeding program and direct use in the papaya production system. It was evaluated 22 genotypes (eight lines, twelve hybrids and two witnesses: Sunrise Solo and Tainung nº 1) in a randomized block design with four replications of six plants per plot. For most characters it was observed significant differences at 1% and 5% probability, except for stem diameter. The L60 line and H10.60 hybrid stood out with the lowest averages for AIPF and AP, and were not statistically different. For yield it was observed wide variability among treatments, with 75% of lines and hybrids overcame the witnesses. More than 50% of the genotypes exhibited average SS above 12  Brix. The characters NFC, NFD, CF, PF, FP, SS and pH showed variation index (CVg / CVe) greater than unity, indicating the predominance of genetic effects. Regarding the correlation coefficients it was observed associations between agronomic characters APF x AP, NNSF x NFC and NFC x PROD. The diallel analysis highlighted the importance of additive and non-additive genetic effects for most characters, highlighting the hybrids H10.26, H10.60 and H60.72, which showed potential for increasing yield and characteristics related to the content soluble solids, based on the ability of estimates general and specific combining. Finally, the clustering method UPGMA showed the efficiency of genetically divergent parental selection to compose the diallel analysis, in order to develop papaya hybrids with good agronomic characteristics and fruit quality.