Estudo das cadeias produtivas da banana e da manga no pólo Juazeiro/Petrolina: logística e qualidade

Abstract

The market opening has proportionate the growth of the world‘s demand for fresh fruits since the beginning of the 90’s, in the same way the exigencies regarding product quality have increased sensibly. Brazil, a big fruit crop producer, has been incorporating the changes that have occurred in the sector to preserve and to reach new markets. Nevertheless, the good performance of the country does not reach all fruit crops produced. Part of this performance goes through the quality of the supplied product and the efficiency of the production system’s logistics, trade and distribution. However, such performance does not occur in the fruit production chains for domestic marketing. Therefore, the present work had the objective of evaluating how the governance structure of the productive chains for banana and mango in the fruit crop production region of Juazeiro/Petrolina, has been influencing the logistic system of production, trade and distribution and the quality of the fruits supplied to the different national and international markets. It was evaluated through the concepts of Commodity System Approach, Economy of the Transaction Costs, New Institutional Economy and Industrial Organization, how the institutional environment and governance structure interact, having as the main focus, the logistic system and the quality of the offered product. The data were obtained through interviews and questionnaires. It was observed that the direction of the market affects the coordination of the logistic system and quality of the product due to the demands exigencies. It was concluded that in the mango productive chain, because it is an exporting product and it presents a better coordination in its organizational structure, its agents are able to obtain with greater agility, alternatives to the barriers originated from the logistics and quality problems, reflecting in part, its good performance in the domestic market. The banana productive chain, since it is exclusively for the national market, it presents low coordination among the governance structure agents, affecting negatively the capacity of overcoming the logistic barriers of the sector and he problems with the quality of the fruit.