Uso de aditivo químico e/ou microbiano em silagens de milheto (Pennisetum americanum l.)

Abstract

Pearl millet (Pennisetum Americanum L.) is characterized by adapting to environments with different climatic conditions. In hot climates and with little fertile soils, it presents production potential and good nutritional quality, being indicated for the production of silage in the Brazilian Northeast. The use of some chemical and/or microbial additives in the silage can improve its fermentative pattern. The objective of this research was to evaluate the bromatology, fermentative losses and aerobic stability of pearl millet Pennisetum americanum L. silage added with urea and/or Lactobacillus plantarum. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, silages were made in small PVC silos. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 4x2 factorial scheme where four urea levels (0%, 1,0%, 2,0% and 4,0%) with or without the presence of the microbial additive were evaluated, totaling eight treatments with five replicates each. The silages with the microbial additive presented 0,66% of losses by gases, 6,39% of losses of dry matter and took 102,91 hours to break down the aerobic stability; They differed from the silage without microbial additive (P<0,05) and showed 0,87%, 8,51% and 68,16, respectively, for gas losses, and losses of dry matter of hours to breakage aerobic stability. The addition of urea had a linear decreasing effect on the dry matter content, and linear effect increasing on the values of crude protein, indigestible protein in acid detergent, acid detergent fiber, lignin, pH, gas losses, dry matter losses and buffer capacity. There was interaction between the additives (P<0,05) for the dry matter and ammoniacal nitrogen losses. The use of urea at increasingdoses increased the aerobic stability of the silages and each unit of urea increased the time to break the aerobic stability (P<0,05) by 12,43 hours. The addition of Lactobacillus plantarum reduced (P<0,05) the losses by gases, losses of dry matter and increased the stability of the aerobics of the silages.