Acompanhamento coproparasitológico de bovinos criados na Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia

Abstract

One of the main obstacles of animal production is the occurrence of parasitic diseases, especially endoparasitoses which are among the most important causes of reduced productivity in national livestock. With the objective of accomplishing the fecal monitoring of cattle from the squad of the of Federal University of Reconcavo of Bahia (UFRB), Cruz das Almas, Brazil, animals of both sexes were randomly selected during the period from September 2011 to August 2012, according to the following age groups: Group B1: <12 months (n = 15/month), group B2: between 12 and 24 months (n = 15/month) and B3:> 24 months (n = 15/month). Fecal samples were collected directly from the rectum and immediately processed at the Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, UFRB, through the stool culture technique and the Gordon & Whitlock modified technique. The values obtained with the counting of eggs and oocysts were expressed in gram of feces (EPG and OoPG). For purposes of determining the anthelmintic resistence to the product that is commonly used in resistance property, the Egg Count Reduction test was accomplished for gram of faeces (TRCOF). A total of 539 fecal samples were evaluated. The presence of helminth eggs and oocysts of Eimeria was recorded, respectively, in 74.9% (404/539) and 57.6% (311/539) of fecal samples. The susceptibility of young animals to helminth infections was observed, statistically, because the B1 group had a higher average EPG (p <0.0001, Kruskal-Wallis) and a higher proportion (p <0.001, Fisher's exact test) of animals subjected to anthelmintic treatment when compared to other groups (B2 and B3), which behaved similarly (p> 0.05, Fisher's exact test). During the rainy season, the group B1 had a percent, significantly higher in animals with scores above the suggested limit OoPG (p <0.0089, Fisher's exact test). Haemonchus spp. was the most prevalent helminth genre (85%). The TRCOF showed resistance to helminths ivermetina population of 1% at a dose of 0.2 mg / kg. The data obtained in this study reinforce the importance of endoparasitoses in cattle husbandry, especially in young animals, and contribute to the formulation of future programs of control local conditions.